An Aperture was created in order to control the amount of light entering a camera, what was created was a hole smaller than the actual diameter of the lens. This helps to control the amount of light entering the camera the same way the iris in your eye controls the amount of light entering it. By controlling the amount of light entering the camera it therefore ensured that photographers were able to reduce the amount of light exposing the image, and therefore get a better picture.
Shutter Speed-
Shutter speed is how fast the camera takes an image, just how the aperture halves or doubles the amount of light entering the camera, the shutter speed has the same halving and doubling effect, depending on the length of the exposure. For example long shutter speed can be used to intentionally blur a moving image for artistic effect.
ISO- The ISO of an image controls how sensitive your image is to light. The ISO was measured in numbers, the lower the number the lower the sensitivity of the film and the finer the grain of the shots you are taking. Higher ISO are usually used in darker filming to get faster shutter speeds.
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